河口水质氨氮的自动监测影响因素研究

作了国内首台营养盐连续监测分析仪对光波长、显色时间、样品盐度、显色剂储存时间、测定过程的气泡等影响因素的分析 ,自动分析时这些因素可被控制使结果稳定。将测定结果与国家标准方法作比较 ,表明能较好吻合     

全球增暖对自然灾害的可能影响

近年来，气候对环境的影响已受到全球科学家越来越多的重视，中国是一个有１１亿人口的大国，生态环境较为脆弱，全球变暖将严重影响我国社会与经济生活的各个方面。本文初步研究了全球变暖对自然灾害的可能影响。结果表明，在大气ＣＯ２含量加倍的情况下，全球变暖将可能导致暴雨频度和洪涝风险增加，西北干旱趋势仍将延续；森林火灾、台风、滑坡与泥石泫灾害可能加剧；农林病虫害危害增加，范围扩大。同时，全球变暖导致的海平面上     

基于数据库的煤矿危险源辨识系统研究

目前,煤矿大多采用的是检查项和检查内容固定的安全检查表法,为提高煤矿危险源辨识效率和准确性,遏制煤矿事故的发生,从职业安全健康管理体系角度,探讨了煤矿危险源辨识问题,并设计了以煤矿安全信息管理系统为基础的危险源辨识系统,模拟煤矿现场实际情况;依据职业安全健康管理体系中危险源管理的模式筛选出数据库中的相关信息,动态生成与之相适应的安全检查表。同时对煤矿安全信息管理系统的结构、功能以及辨识程序进行了分析。     

煤矿带式输送机事故分析及防护措施

带式输送机是煤矿生产中的一种主要运输设备,广泛应用在采区平巷、采区上下山、运输大巷及井口运输走廊等场所,是矿井煤炭运输系统的中枢,一旦发生故障,轻则耽误生产,重则造成人员伤亡。笔者以常见的煤矿带式输送机故障类型为例,分析其产生故障的根本原因,提出各种故障的预防措施;论述了煤矿带式输送机综合保护装置的基本功能和动作原理;通过带式输送机综合保护装置控制系统结构示意图,全面、客观地展示了煤矿用带式输送机容易发生各种故障的方位和自动保护装置测控元件的布局、电气控制原理,不仅可以适时监控带式输送机的工作状态,自动报警、显示、处理各种运行故障,还可以避免人为误操作带来的各种损失。     

石油天然气钻探过程中硫化氢的监测

石油天然气钻探过程中硫化氢的准确监测是确保钻井安全的条件。在介绍硫化氢气体的性质、危害的基础上具体阐述了现场常用硫化氢监测方法。对现行井场硫化氢监测问题进行了探讨，提出了硫化氢监测应从监测地面气体向监测地层流延伸，硫化氢报警内容应多样化的建议。     

Climate voting in the US Congress: the power of public concern

In the United States, few constituents know and understand climate policy, prioritize it as a political topic, or let their voting decisions depend on it. In these conditions, representatives would not be expected to pay heed to constituents’ climate concern in their voting decisions. Still, even after controlling for the presence of interest groups, campaign finance, and legislators’ party affiliation and ideology, there is a consistent link between public opinion and votes on cap-and-trade legislation in the House (and to a lesser degree in the Senate). The same is true when public opinion is simulated based on pre-vote district characteristics. Explanations for these findings are discussed.     

全球升温1.5℃与2.0℃情景下长江中下游地区极端降水的变化特征

基于长江中下游地区1961~2100年区域气候模式COSMO-CLM(CCLM)模拟与1961~2005年气象站观测的逐日降水数据,通过统计计算年降水量、强降水量、暴雨日数和极端降水贡献率4个极端降水指数,研究全球升温1.5℃与2.0℃情景下,长江中下游地区极端降水的时空变化特征。结果表明:(1)全球升温1.5℃情景下,年降水量相对于1986~2005年减少5%,强降水量、暴雨日数和极端降水贡献率分别增加7%、33%和4%;概率密度曲线表明,年降水量均值下降,强降水量、暴雨日数和极端降水贡献率均值上升,极端降水方差增大;年降水量、强降水量和暴雨日数在空间上表现为南部增加北部减少,极端降水贡献率则相反。(2)全球升温2.0℃情景下,年降水量下降3%,强降水量、暴雨日数和极端降水贡献率分别上升15%、46%和15%;年降水量均值稍有减少且方差稍有上升,强降水量、暴雨日数和极端降水贡献率均值和方差明显增加;年降水量减少区域位于长江主干以北,强降水量、暴雨日数和极端降水贡献率表现为绝大部分地区增加的空间变化特征。(3)全球升温由1.5℃至2.0℃时,年降水量、强降水量、暴雨日数和极端降水贡献率分别增加3%、7%、10%和11%;随升温幅度的增加极端降水均值和方差上升;极端降水呈增加态势的范围扩大。因此,努力将升温控制在1.5℃对降低极端降水的影响具有重要意义。     

Prediction of future disposal of end-of-life refrigerators containing CFC-11

The objective of this study was to predict the number of refrigerators containing CFC-11 blown isolation foam and the amount of CFC-11 banked in these refrigerators. By using a Weibull-based survival function, the number of CFC-11 containing and still-functioning refrigerators was estimated to be approximately 1.6 million in 2013 in Turkey. In order to determine the amount of CFC-11 in the isolation foam of these refrigerators, polyurethane (PU) foam samples were taken from a refrigerator manufactured in 1993 and the quantity of CFC-11 was analyzed by a GC-MS. It was determined that 113–195 mg CFC-11/g PU remains in the PU foam depending on the location such as door, sides, top and bottom. Knowing that a mid-sized refrigerator contains 4 kg PU on average, the total amount of PU foam to be disposed of is 6344 tons when the CFC-11 containing refrigerators in Turkey become obsolete in the near future. Furthermore, 717–1237 tons of CFC-11 are expected to be banked in the PU foam of these refrigerators which will exert an equivalent amount of ozone depleting potential (ODP). In addition, the global warming potential will vary between 3.4 and 5.9 million tons of CO₂.     

Locating Co-presence in Media Messages about Global Warming

This paper responds to recent calls for alternative approaches to the analysis of environmental communication that uncover overlooked voices in the discussion of environmental issues. Borrowing core principles from critical rhetoric, it suggests a way to categorize media messages according to how human–nature relationships are constructed in media discourse. The paper illustrates how, in presenting contrasting and often oppositional constructions of human–nature relationships, the media messages examined articulate three recurrent (but not equal) discourses on global warming. These discourses include (1) nature-as-out-of-reach discourse, (2) nature-as-antagonist discourse, and (3) nature-as-co-present discourse. By juxtaposing these discourses, the paper shows how environmental communication scholars can engage in critical realism and political advocacy to illuminate latent public discourse that holds the potential to champion marginalized voices of nature and accentuate the interconnectedness of humans and the environment.     

Latent effects of early life stage exposure to triclosan on survival in fathead minnows,Pimephales promelas

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of early life stage triclosan (5-chloro-2-(2,4, dichlorophenoxy)phenol, TCS) exposure on hatching, development, and survival in the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas. Embryonic minnows were exposed to TCS (50 and 100 µg L^?1) for 10 days followed by 6 weeks depuration. Mortality and morphological deformities were recorded and quantified during exposure and at the end of depuration. No significant effects on embryonic survival, time to reach the eyed stage, or hatching were found. However, at the conclusion of the depuration period, survival was significantly reduced in TCS exposed fish depending on the concentration. Visual inspection of the exposed fish suggests that mortality is related to spinal deformities, emaciation, and reduced foraging ability. Triclosan exhibits deleterious effects in fish at lower concentrations over longer durations than previously reported. Further, mortality in exposed fish 6 weeks after exposure demonstrates the need for various exposure assays to evaluate effects of TCS.